Carburetor



Sept. 7 1926.

C. W. TAYLOR GARBURETOR Filed Sept. 3, 1924 2 Sheets-Shea?I l Sept. 7 1926. 1,598,624 c. w. TAYLOR 1 cARBuREToR Filed SGP# s, 1924 2 sheets-sheet 2 SIM/venti,

Patented Sept. 7, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CHARLES wf TAYLOR, lor sALT LAKE CITY, UTAH;Y

CARBURETOR.

`Application filed September 3, 1924. Serial No. 735,554.

rlhis invention relatesv to fuel feed devices for internal combustionl engines and particularly to a carburetor especially adapted for use in fuel feed systems where the fuel is heated preliminary to its entering the cylinder or combustion chamber.

One object of the present invention is to provide suction actuated valves for the air and fuel supply ducts, the two valves being arranged in such` wise that the fuel valve is normally held to its seat by the nozzle but will be `released. and permitted to open as the air valve is moved to its open position.

l5 A. further object is to simplify the cou-4 struction of the carburetor whereby several advantages are secured, amongst which are the following: The carburetor works with a vacuum feed although the vacuum tank at present in general use is dispensed with;

`no float chamber or fioat is necessary in the present construction; in addition to the carburetor casing there are practically but five parts, all of which are supported or carried on the base of the carburetor casing and as `the base portion of the casing is a separable section all of said parts can be easily removed froni the casing by simply detaching the base section.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in certain details of construction and combinations and arrange" ments of parts, all as'will be hereinafter more fully described and the novel features thereof particularly pointed out in the appendedv claims. Y

In the accompanying drawings,- Figure 1 is a view showing more or less diagrammatically a. fuel feed system em- 40 bodying the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the carburetor removed from the system;

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig t isa bottom plan view of the carburetor;

Fig. 5 is a detail view of the element for lpreheating the liquid fuel; and,

Fig. 6 isa similar view ofya modified form of heating unit. It is believed that practically all brands of present-day gasoline contain at least a small percentage of water whose presence reduces the efliciencyof internal combustion engines and for this reason, the present .in-v

vention contemplates the provision of a carburetor for fuel feed systems wherein the fuel,usually gasoline, is heated `before it roaches the carburetor. It is believed that this preheating of the gasoline tends to vaporize the particles of water that might otherwise pass to the combustion chamber in the `form of a liquid but to Iinsure this vaporization of the fuel as well as to thoroughly commingle the fuel with air, the present carburetor seeks to discharge the heated fuel into `a mixing chamber from a nozzle loe cated centrally of said chamber andentirelyv surrounded by a film of air, so to speak, passing said nozzle on its way` to the 4comn bustion chamber. For these reasons the present invention isespecially applicable to carburetors in systems 1Where thefliquid fuel` is preheated. V *Y As illustrated in F ig. 1 ofthe drawings j the liquid fuel is brought from a suitable source by a supply pipe 10v to a heating unit 11 which, as illustrated in Figs. `5 `and ,6,

`may comprise' either a seamless tube 12 located Within the exhaust manifold 14 or a jacket 13 formed on the exterior of said 80 manifold. In each instance, the fuel entering the heating unit preferably passes through a jet 15 for the purpose of atomizing the fuel and thereby augmentingv the heating thereof. From said heating unit the fuel .passes through a conduit 25. to the carburetor where it is thoroughlyv commingled with the proper proportion of air in a mixing chamber, after which it passes on to the usual intake v'manifold and thence 9U to the several cylinders, the flow of the combustible mixture being controlled by the manually operable butterfly valve 17. To insure thorough commingling of the heated fuel with the air supplied to the mixing chamber 22 of the carburetor, the internal construction of said carburetor is designed to cause the entering air to pass into v`the mixing chamber in a more or less circular film and the fuel is discharged into the chamber from a point within `the crcular film and in a direction substantially transversely of the direction of movement of the air. This is accomplished by a novel Y arrangement of parts that not only secure W5 a thorough mixture ofthe gasoline and air but which is simple and easily assembled in or removed .from the carburetor,

In the preferred embodiment. of the in vention illustrated in the drawings ythe carburetor casing is cylindrical and has a removable base section 18 in the side of which there are one or more air inlet openings 19 and in the bottom of which vthere is a gasoline inlet opening 20. The conduit 25 leads to said opening 2O and within the casing 10 there is a tubular stem'21 carried by base section 1S through which the gasoline passes tothe mixing chamber 22, said Vdisposed substantially transversely of the .mixing chamberwhereby the fuel will be discharged directly into the 'more kor less circular film of air that will pass up around the periphery of the valve 23 when said valve is raised -above its seat.

The Yflow offfuel .from stem 21 to nozzle 26 is governed by a check preferably in the form of a ball 27 which seats in the upper end of said stein and which is housed in the interior of nozzle 26. Said check Vvalve will,

of course, be held'to itsseat by gravity andv the weight of nozzle 26 and to relieve it of the weight of said nozzle the latter is connected to the'aiil valve 28, as by the spring 28 surrounding the stemv and lower portion of the nozzle, said nozzle preferably having a lower stem'portion andan upper conical portion in which is located the fuel openings and which constitutes a flange or head against which saidspring abuts. Vith this i arrangement the suction created by the engine will raise the air valve 23 upward in the casing, said`valve, through spring 28 raising the nozzle with the result that the vacuum iii the carburetor will cause ball 27 'to riseoif its seat and permit fuel to 'How through the nozzle. "As soon as the motor is stopped, ball 27 and nozzle 26 will return to their original positions and close stem 2l and as the closure is air tight any fuel that has at that moment been sucked up into stem 21 will be retained due to the fact that no pressure can be exerted through the upper end of the stem, all as will be readily understood. This retention of fuel in the end of stem 21 provides for the immediate delivery of fuel to the engine when the latteris again started and eliminates the use of a vacuum tank or float chamber.

To permit a substantially unadulterated fuel to be fed vto the motor when starting up, the seat for valve 23 constituted by the wall of basesection 18 is of sufficient length to allow the upward movement ofpvalve 23 to elevate nozzle 26 and thereby release valve .27 beforel said valve 23 passes the shoulder 29 on the base to allow air to enter. This causes a rich mixture to be fed to the motor initially but after'the motor has been started and the suction in the carburetor increased, valve 23 will be raised above said shoulder and air admitted in proper proportions. In actual practice, .satisfactory results have been obtained with a structure wherein the valve 27 was free to open after valve 23 had moved one-sixteenth of an inch andvalve 23 was simultaneously opened by 'a further movement of three-sixteenths of an inch. Any movement of valve 23 over a quarter of an inch would then have no effect on the nozzle but would function toA admit more air and, due to the increased suction, a larger amount of fuel Would be drawn into the carburetor.. This arrangement of having the air valve open the fuel control valve in advance of air being admitted eliminates the necessity of utilizing a manually controlled choke valve in many instances. As a manually controlled choke valve may be desired under` some circumstances, as in unusually low temperatures, the admission of air through the inlets 19 can be regulated by a valve 30 having openings 39 therein, said valve preferably being rotatable on base section 18 to move the openings 39 relatively to inlets 19 to vary the size of said inlets.

Valve 30 can be opei'ated from the dash by a connection 31 and movement of said valve is limited by a projection, such as depending pin 32 working in a slot 83 in a flange at the bottom of base section 18.

To limit the movement of nozzle 26, the conicalhead thereof is adapted to engage an adjustablestop, preferably inthe form of ya conical ended screw plug t` projecting throughthe side of the carburetor above said nozzle. rlihile movement ofthe Vnozzle is thus limited by a fixed stop, the connection formed-by spring 28, between the nozzle and valve 23 being resilient, the opening movements of said valve is dependent upon the degree of acceleration of the motor. lVith a feed system embodying a fuel preheating -means and a carburetor such as shown and described, a higher degree of efficiency is obtained due to the fact that the preheated fuel carries its water content in the form of a vapor and the entire body of fuel is thoroughly coinmingled with Vthe air.` The heated adniixtiire, furthermore, being heated is more or less vaporized, as distinguished from being atoinized and remaining in liquid form, and is more or less expanded, thus securing' a greater compression and` insuring thorough and complete combustion of the entire mixture. This not only results a mixing chamber above said inlet, a nozzle in said chamber through which fuel is discharged into said chamber, a fuel passage leading to said nozzle, a. valve in said fuel passage, said nozzle being free to move relatively to said valve to release the other, and a suction operated valve controlling the passage of air from said inlet to said chamber, said fuel valve being adapted to be opened in advance of the air valve and the opening of the fuel valve being dependent upon the .movement of the air valve to actuate the nozzle and release said fuel valve.

2. In a carburetor, the combination of a casing having a mixing chamber and air inlets therein, a fuel supply duct, a suction' operated valve for said duct, a nozzle hold-- ing said valve to its seat and through which the fuel is discharged into the chamber, a suction operated valve controlling the: passage of air from said air inlets to said chamber, and connections between said air valve and nozzle said air valve and nozzle being movable with respect to the fuel valve during initial opening movement of the air valve to move the nozzle to release the fuel control valve.

3. In a carburetor, the combination of a casing having a mixing chamber and air inlets therein, a fuel supply duct, a suction operated valve for said duct, a nozzle holding said valve toits seat and through which the fuel is discharged into the chamber, a suction operated valve controlling the passage of air from said air inlets to said chamber, resilient connections between said air valve and nozzle whereby an opening movement of said air valve will move the nozzle to releasethe fuel valve, said air valve and fuel valve being' disconnectedV and means for limiting the movement of said nozzle.

l. In a carburetor, the combination of a casing having an air inlet near its base and a mixing chamber therein above said inlet, a stem having a fuel supply passage therein, said stem projecting into the mixing chamber, a nozzle on said stem, a valve for the fuel supply passage within said nozzle and an air control valve on said stem, said nozzle being slidable on the stem and movable relatively to the fuel valve to release said fuel valve.

In a carburetor, the combination of a casing having an air inlet near its base and a mixing chamber above said inlet, a tubular stem on the base extending `into the chamber and through which fuel is supplied to the chamber, a nozzle loose on said stem,

and separately movable suction operated valves on said'stem controlling the passage of air and fuel to said mixing chamber, said nozzle being movable relatively to said fuell valve to permit the latter to be opened.

6. In a carburetor, the combination of a casing having" an air inlet near its base and a mixing chamber above said inlet, a tubular stem on the base extending into the chamber and through which fuel `is supplied to the chamber, a suction operated valve for said fuel supply, a nozzle on the stem and holding said valve to its seat, said nozzle being loose on said stem and movable with respect to the fuel valve to permit the latter to be opened, a valve controlling the passage of air from said inlet to the mixing chamber, and connect-ions between the air valve and nozzle to release the fuel valve when the air valve is opened.

7. In a carburetor, the combination of a casing having an air inlet and a mixing chamber' therein, a fuel supply duct, a check valve for said duct, a nozzle for said duct holding said check valve to itsV seat, a suction operated valve controlling the passage ofair from said inlet to the mixing cham- Y ber, and connections between said air valve and nozzle for moving said nozzle relativelj to said fuel valve to release the latter as the air valve is moved'to its open position, said air valve having a comparatively long seat whereby admission of air to the chamber is delayed until after the fuel valve is opened.

8. In a carburetor, the combination of a casing having an air inlet and a mixing chamber therein, a fuel supply duct, a check valve for said duct, a nozzle for said duct holding said check valve to its seat, a suction operated valve controlling the passage of air from said inlet to the mixing chamber, connections between said air valve and nozzle for moving the nozzle relatively to said fuel valve to release the latter as the air valve is moved to its open position, said fuel valve being released in advance of the actual opening ofthe air valve.

9. In a carburetor, a casing having. an air inlet and a mixing chamber therein, a check valve between said air inlet and lchamber controlling the passage of air to the chambei', a stem projecting into the chamber andv having a fuel passage therein, a check valve for said fuel passage a nozzle slidable on said stem and holding said fuel valve to itsY seat, and a resilient connection between said air valve and nozzle to move said nozzle with respect to the fuel valve to release said Y fuel valve as the air valve is moved to permit air to flow to the mixing chamber.

10. In a carburetor, the combination of a casing having an air inlet near its base and a cylindrical mixing chamber above sai d inlet, a stem on said base centrally disposed in said chamber and having a fuel passage therein, L Check Valve insaid stein, a nozzle y 'f air valve controlling the passageV of air from the inlet to the mixing chamber, saidy air Valve being substantially circular and eX- tending beyond `the side edges of the nozzle and yche passages in Said nozzle lbeing mdially disposed Where-by the fuel Will be'clsn chai-ged from the nozzle into Contact with a surrounding film of passing air.

y CHARLES W. TAYLOR.L

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